{"id":7274,"date":"2018-03-09T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-03-09T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/5-necekanych-zajimavosti-o-betonu\/"},"modified":"2018-03-09T11:00:00","modified_gmt":"2018-03-09T10:00:00","slug":"5-necekanych-zajimavosti-o-betonu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/5-necekanych-zajimavosti-o-betonu\/","title":{"rendered":"5 ne\u010dekan\u00fdch zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed o betonu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betonov\u00e1 \u0161e\u010f b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za synonymum nudy, f\u00e1dnosti a jednotv\u00e1rnosti. Proto mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159ekvap\u00ed, kolik zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed tento masov\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1l skr\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2># 1 Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1l na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beton je dvakr\u00e1t u\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kter\u00fdkoliv jin\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/dalsi-aktivity\/stavebniny-vw-wachal-as-kromeriz.html\">materi\u00e1l ve stavebnictv\u00ed<\/a>. D\u016fvodem jsou jak jeho nenahraditeln\u00e9 vlastnosti \u2013 <strong>tv\u00e1rnost, pevnost a odolnost<\/strong>, tak jeho snadn\u00e1 dostupnost. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly nutn\u00e9 k nam\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny druh\u016f betonu (cement, voda, p\u00edsek, \u0161t\u011brk a vzduch) jsou toti\u017e hojn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9, a nen\u00ed tak probl\u00e9m je sehnat kdekoliv na sv\u011bt\u011b. Glob\u00e1ln\u011b je pak objem ro\u010dn\u011b vyprodukovan\u00e9ho betonu odhadov\u00e1n na<strong> 6 miliard m3<\/strong>, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e toto \u010d\u00edslo rok od roku stoup\u00e1 a neust\u00e1le vznikaj\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/objevte-nove-a-netradicni-stavebni-materialy.html\">nov\u00e9 netradi\u010dn\u00ed druhy tohoto materi\u00e1lu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Skej\u0165\u00e1k a beton\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1504641823678-25fbd56dda94?ixlib=rb-0.3.5&amp;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&amp;s=b75f0239f21235665c3720550d2de1c1&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=750&amp;q=80\" style=\"height:290px; width:435px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betonov\u00e9 plochy si obl\u00edbili mimo jin\u00e9 i skej\u0165\u00e1ci<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2># 2 Beton vynalezli sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161eobecn\u011b se m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee beton vynalezli sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9, materi\u00e1l podobn\u00fd betonu byl ale pou\u017eit u\u017e p\u0159i stavb\u011b egyptsk\u00fdch pyramid. Starov\u011bk\u00fd beton se od toho dne\u0161n\u00edho ov\u0161em li\u0161il \u2013 byl slo\u017een z <strong>v\u00e1pna, vody a sope\u010dn\u00e9ho popelu z Vesuvu<\/strong>. O odolnosti takto vznikl\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed cel\u00e1 \u0159ada zachoval\u00fdch antick\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek (nap\u0159\u00edklad <strong>\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd Pantheon<\/strong>). S p\u00e1dem \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e upadlo i u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed betonu, za jeho\u017e <strong>znovuobjeven\u00ed v 18. stolet\u00ed<\/strong> vd\u011b\u010d\u00edme britsk\u00e9mu in\u017een\u00fdrovi Johnu Smeatonovi.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2># 3 Edison byl posedl\u00fd betonem<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak jinak by se dalo vysv\u011btlit <strong>49 patent\u016f <\/strong>t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se betonu, kter\u00e9 tento slavn\u00fd americk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezce za sv\u016fj \u017eivot posb\u00edral? Krom\u011b stavby prefabrikovan\u00fdch betonov\u00fdch dom\u016f <strong>Edison ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b experimentoval<\/strong> nap\u0159\u00edklad s v\u00fdrobou betonov\u00fdch klav\u00edr\u016f nebo n\u00e1bytku.<\/p>\n<h2>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n<h2># 4 Beton pomohl Brit\u016fm (na rozd\u00edl od Francouz\u016f) vyhr\u00e1t v\u00e1lku<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bunkry z betonu sice za druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky nezachr\u00e1nily \u010ceskoslovensko ani Francii, netradi\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed betonu ale v prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch v\u00e1lky zna\u010dn\u011b pomohlo p\u0159i obran\u011b Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie p\u0159ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi n\u00e1lety. Na ji\u017en\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Anglie st\u00e1le m\u016f\u017eete narazit na ob\u0159\u00ed <strong>betonov\u00e1 parabolick\u00e1 zrcadla<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla za c\u00edl <strong>odr\u00e1\u017eet zvuk bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edch se bombard\u00e9r\u016f<\/strong>. Jejich \u00fakol ale z\u00e1hy p\u0159ebral nov\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez \u2013 radar.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Betonov\u00e9 u\u0161i\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fb\/Listening_Ears_-_geograph.org.uk_-_166.jpg \" style=\"height:326px; width:435px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betonov\u00fdm parabolick\u00fdm zrcadl\u016fm se za\u010dalo p\u0159ezd\u00edvat \u201enaslouchaj\u00edc\u00ed u\u0161i\u201c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2># 5 Betonov\u00ed rekordmani<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nejv\u00edce betonu se spot\u0159ebuje p\u0159i stavb\u011b p\u0159ehrad, proto nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed betonovou stavbou na sv\u011bt\u011b jsou<strong> \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 T\u0159i sout\u011bsky<\/strong>. Tato 185 metr\u016f vysok\u00e1 a v\u00edce ne\u017e dva kilometry dlouh\u00e1 hr\u00e1z byla postavena mezi lety 1994 a 2006 a bylo kv\u016fli n\u00ed p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bno 1,3 milionu obyvatel. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed betonovou konstrukc\u00ed je pak 423 metr\u016f vysok\u00fd <strong>Trump International Hotel and Tower v Chicagu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je tedy v\u00edce ne\u017e jasn\u00e9, \u017ee i kdy\u017e je beton v\u011bt\u0161inou \u0161ed\u00fd, rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed nudn\u00fd. A\u0165 u\u017e se ale rozhodnete stav\u011bt z jak\u00e9hokoliv materi\u00e1lu, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/kontakt.html\">obra\u0165te se na n\u00e1s<\/a>. Um\u00edme postavit a opravit \u0161koly, tov\u00e1rn\u00ed haly i obytn\u00e9 budovy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zdroje obr\u00e1zk\u016f: <\/strong>unsplash.com, pixabay.com, wikimedia.org<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Betonov\u00e1 \u0161e\u010f b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za synonymum nudy, f\u00e1dnosti a jednotv\u00e1rnosti. Proto mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159ekvap\u00ed, kolik zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed tento masov\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1l skr\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6852,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7274"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7274\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}