{"id":7308,"date":"2017-07-20T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-07-20T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/na-cem-vsem-zavisi-akusticke-vlastnosti-budovy\/"},"modified":"2017-07-20T10:00:00","modified_gmt":"2017-07-20T08:00:00","slug":"na-cem-vsem-zavisi-akusticke-vlastnosti-budovy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/na-cem-vsem-zavisi-akusticke-vlastnosti-budovy\/","title":{"rendered":"Na \u010dem v\u0161em z\u00e1vis\u00ed akustick\u00e9 vlastnosti budovy?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed akustiky je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho stavebn\u00edho projektu. Akustick\u00e9 vlastnosti interi\u00e9ru toti\u017e do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry rozhoduj\u00ed o jeho celkov\u00e9m komfortu. To plat\u00ed v kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, restaura\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch i tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pozornost je pak pochopiteln\u011b v\u011bnov\u00e1na akustick\u00fdm vlastnostem interi\u00e9ru v p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch s\u00e1lech a koncertn\u00edch hal\u00e1ch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

C\u00edle akustick\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed jsou v z\u00e1sad\u011b dva \u2013 prvn\u00edm je izolovat hluky a ruchy<\/strong> z vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prostoru, druh\u00fdm je vytvo\u0159it interi\u00e9r, kter\u00fd naopak umo\u017en\u00ed \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zvuku<\/strong> a jeho odr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. P\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed divadeln\u00edch a koncertn\u00edch s\u00e1l\u016f se zohled\u0148uj\u00ed oba tyto c\u00edle.<\/p>\n

Zdroj\u016f hluku je v dne\u0161n\u00edch ru\u0161n\u00fdch m\u011bstech cel\u00e1 \u0159ada. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zdrojem zvukov\u00e9ho smogu je ale nepochybn\u011b doprava (jen samotn\u00e1 auta jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 55 % ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho hluku ve m\u011bst\u011b). Dovnit\u0159 budovy se ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed zvukov\u00e9 vlny dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed skrz st\u0159echy, okna, dve\u0159e i st\u011bny. D\u016fkladn\u00e1 zvukov\u00e1 izolace proto vy\u017eaduje \u00fapravy prakticky ve v\u0161ech f\u00e1z\u00edch<\/strong> konstrukce budovy.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

U\u017e stavitel\u00e9 antick\u00fdch amfite\u00e1tr\u016f kladli d\u016fraz na optim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zvuku.<\/p>\n

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Absorbovat, nebo odr\u00e1\u017eet?<\/h2>\n

P\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed akustiky uvnit\u0159 budovy se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dva principy \u2013 absorpce zvuku <\/strong>a jeho odr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed<\/strong>. Absorbov\u00e1n\u00ed zvuku lze doc\u00edlit t\u00edm, \u017ee se energie zvuku p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed na tepelnou energii, kter\u00e1 je n\u00e1sledn\u011b pohlcena izola\u010dn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem. <\/p>\n

K absorpci se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed akustick\u00e9 p\u011bny <\/strong>z r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je melamin nebo kau\u010duk. P\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m za\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed interi\u00e9ru je pak pot\u0159eba myslet i na spr\u00e1vnou volbu koberc\u016f a z\u00e1clon, kter\u00e9 nejen\u017ee zlep\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00fd estetick\u00fd dojem, ale v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed i \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zvuku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Akustick\u00e9 p\u011bny se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v nahr\u00e1vac\u00edch studi\u00edch nebo zku\u0161ebn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

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Kdy\u017e je pot\u0159eba sly\u0161et ka\u017ed\u00e9 slovo<\/h2>\n

V koncertn\u00edch \u010di p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch s\u00e1lech je ale zpravidla pot\u0159eba doc\u00edlit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho dosahu zvukov\u00e9ho vln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i co nejmen\u0161\u00edm zkreslen\u00ed. K tomu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 druh\u00fd zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd princip, odr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed zvuku<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017ee zm\u011bnit sm\u011br \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zvuku nebo vytvo\u0159it zvukovou bari\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n

Pro tento efekt je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm povrch obkladov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/strong>. Zat\u00edmco hladk\u00fd a pevn\u00fd povrch<\/strong> (nap\u0159\u00edklad perforovan\u00fd plech) odraz\u00ed zvukov\u00e9 vlny v\u017edy ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru, nerovn\u00fd povrch <\/strong>(jako je t\u0159eba neom\u00edtnut\u00e1 cihlov\u00e1 ze\u010f) zvukov\u00e9 vlny rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed a odraz\u00ed je do n\u011bkolika stran. V koncertn\u00edch s\u00e1lech se pro rozptyl zvukov\u00fdch vln pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed dif\u00fazn\u00ed prvky<\/strong> na st\u011bn\u00e1ch i panely um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 v prostoru.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

K rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed zvukov\u00fdch vln v prostoru se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 dif\u00fazn\u00ed prvky.<\/p>\n

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Krom\u011b volby materi\u00e1lu je ale tak\u00e9 pot\u0159eba pamatovat na rozvr\u017een\u00ed interi\u00e9ru<\/strong> \u2013 odra\u017een\u00e9 zvukov\u00e9 vlny se mohou ve vzduchu vz\u00e1jemn\u011b ru\u0161it nebo se naopak \u0161\u00ed\u0159it i do nejzaz\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1kout\u00ed m\u00edstnosti \u010di budovy.<\/p>\n

Stavebn\u00ed akustika je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 discipl\u00edna<\/h2>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b je dostupn\u00e9 nep\u0159ebern\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f i postup\u016f, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it v\u011bt\u0161inu po\u017eadavk\u016f na akustiku. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se ale jedn\u00e1 o nesm\u00edrn\u011b komplexn\u00ed problematiku<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje odborn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Stavebn\u00ed akustika je toti\u017e v\u011bda. A to doslova.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Koncertn\u00ed s\u00e1ly nab\u00edzej\u00ed pot\u011bchu pro u\u0161i i pro o\u010di.<\/p>\n

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V\u00edme, o \u010dem mluv\u00edme. V roce 2011<\/strong> jsme toti\u017e dostav\u011bli koncertn\u00ed s\u00e1l pro Pra\u017eskou konzervato\u0159<\/a> s kapacitou 333 m\u00edst<\/strong>. Krom\u011b vysok\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f na technick\u00e9 proveden\u00ed jsme museli db\u00e1t i na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed reprezentativn\u00ed a osobit\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry interi\u00e9ru<\/strong>. O tom, \u017ee se n\u00e1m oboj\u00ed povedlo, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed cel\u00e1 \u0159ada ocen\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsme za stavbu obdr\u017eeli, ale i fakt, \u017ee s\u00e1l<\/p>\n

neslou\u017e\u00ed jen k po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed koncert\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 jako nahr\u00e1vac\u00ed studio pro orchestry.<\/p>\n

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Chcete m\u00edt ve sv\u00e9 novostavb\u011b dobrou akustiku i vkusn\u00fd interi\u00e9r? Ozv\u011bte se n\u00e1m<\/a>. Vymysl\u00edme \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zohledn\u00ed v\u0161echny va\u0161e po\u017eadavky.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroje obr\u00e1zk\u016f:<\/p>\n

pixabay.com, wikimedia.org, flickr.com<\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed akustiky je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho stavebn\u00edho projektu. Akustick\u00e9 vlastnosti interi\u00e9ru toti\u017e do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry rozhoduj\u00ed o jeho celkov\u00e9m komfortu. To plat\u00ed v kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, restaura\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch i tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pozornost je pak pochopiteln\u011b v\u011bnov\u00e1na akustick\u00fdm vlastnostem interi\u00e9ru v p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fdch s\u00e1lech a koncertn\u00edch hal\u00e1ch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6886,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}