Nejv\u00edce vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm typem sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f jsou fotovoltaick\u00e9, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na elekt\u0159inu. \u0158ad\u00ed se sem tak\u00e9 tzv. fotovoltaick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0oh\u0159evu vody a p\u0159it\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Tento typ panel\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 um\u00edstit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kdekoliv, na st\u0159echu domu, gar\u00e1\u017ee, na fas\u00e1du, pergolu a jin\u00e9. Rozhodnete-li se pro instalaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f, z\u00edsk\u00e1te t\u00edm nejen v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed energetickou sob\u011bsta\u010dnost, ale tak\u00e9 dobr\u00fd pocit v\u00a0pomoci planet\u011b se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kolik elekt\u0159iny jsou tedy sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely schopn\u00e9 vyrobit?<\/strong><\/p>\n To z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed hned na n\u011bkolika faktorech, jako je v\u00fdkon elektr\u00e1rny, mno\u017estv\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f nebo sklonu a orientaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f. Nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je m\u00edt sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 sm\u011brem na jih, odkud sv\u00edt\u00ed slunce nejv\u00edce. P\u0159i um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed panel\u016f na jin\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 strany dostanete zhruba o 20 % m\u00e9n\u011b energie. V\u00a0zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc se pohybuje v\u00fdkon sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f pouze okolo 10 % z\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot. Naopak v\u00a0jarn\u00edch a letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, kdy je dostatek slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0maximu v\u00fdroby mezi 11. a\u017e 14. hodinou. Je tedy dobr\u00e9 sv\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de naprogramovat tak, aby byl jejich chod zah\u00e1jen mezi touto dobou.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Hod\u00ed se sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely na v\u0161echny typy st\u0159ech?<\/strong><\/p>\n Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely je mo\u017en\u00e9 um\u00edstit na rovn\u00e9, \u0161ikm\u00e9 \u010di sedlov\u00e9 st\u0159echy. A to vertik\u00e1ln\u011b i horizont\u00e1ln\u011b. Nejde zde tolik o to, z\u00a0jak\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu st\u0159echa je, ale je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby tato st\u0159echa sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely unesla a nebylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je na ni instalovat. Ov\u0161em takov\u00e9 drol\u00edc\u00ed se betonov\u00e9 ta\u0161ky, \u010di krytiny jako eternit, nejsou zcela vhodn\u00e9 k\u00a0mont\u00e1\u017ei sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f, jeliko\u017e je zde velk\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobnost jejich prask\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n Pokud nen\u00ed k\u00a0um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed panel\u016f vhodn\u00e1 st\u0159echa domu, je mo\u017en\u00e9 panely um\u00edstit nap\u0159\u00edklad na gar\u00e1\u017e, pergolu nebo jin\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed staven\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vz\u00edt v\u00a0potaz p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed, kam um\u00edstit sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely, zda nebudou zast\u00edn\u011bny kom\u00ednem, stromy nebo okoln\u00edmi budovami. I v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by doch\u00e1zelo ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti elektr\u00e1rny.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Jak\u00fd druh fotovoltaick\u00fdch panel\u016f zvolit?<\/strong><\/p>\n Existuj\u00ed 3 druhy t\u011bchto panel\u016f (polykrystalick\u00e9, amorfn\u00ed a monokrystalick\u00e9). Rozd\u00edly mezi nimi jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve v\u00fdkonu, schopnosti p\u0159em\u011bnit energii ze slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu a vlastnostech.<\/p>\n Mezi nejl\u00e9pe hodnocen\u00e9, tedy s\u00a0nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed, jsou panely monokrystalick\u00e9. \u0158ad\u00ed se mezi ty dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale sta\u010d\u00ed jimi pokr\u00fdt pouze men\u0161\u00ed plochu. Jsou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny pro st\u0159echy orientovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo ke slunci. Variantou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou polykrystalick\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0m\u00edstech a lokalit\u00e1ch s\u00a0v\u00edce rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdm sv\u011btlem. U tohoto druhu je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonem. Nejm\u00e9n\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm druhem jsou amorfn\u00ed panely, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00edce citliv\u00e9 i p\u0159i ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed intenzit\u011b slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. V\u00fdhodou tohoto druhu je schopnost vyr\u00e1b\u011bt elekt\u0159inu i z\u00a0rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9ho sv\u011btla. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se tedy tam, kde nelze panely um\u00edstit do ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pozice, a je nutn\u00e9 zvolit um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed na v\u00fdchod \u010di z\u00e1pad.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Popularita sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f na st\u0159e\u0161e rodinn\u00e9ho domu st\u00e1le roste, a to nejen z\u00a0d\u016fvodu, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eou u\u0161et\u0159it n\u00e1klady za energie, ale jsou tak\u00e9 levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7630"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7630\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wachal.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}